Usefulness of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test–Korean Revised Version in Screening for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th Edition Alcohol Use Disorder among College Students / 가정의학회지

BACKGROUND: There is a distinction in alcohol consumption behavior between adults and college students. This study aims to verify the usability and the optimal cutoff point of Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test–Korean revised version (AUDIT-KR) for screening alcohol use disorder in college students when the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM), 5th edition diagnostic criteria is applied. METHODS: A total of 922 college students living in Daejeon were enrolled and divided into two groups based on how many items they corresponded to among DSM-5 alcohol use disorder diagnostic criteria: those who corresponded to ≥2 of the 11 items were classified into the patient group (107 males, 89 females) while the others into the control group (311 males, 415 females). The participants were evaluated using AUDIT-KR to find the optimal cutoff point for screening alcohol use disorder, sensitivity, and specificity. RESULTS: The mean±standard deviation scores in the AUDIT-KR were 12.76±7.27, 10.72±4.62 for males and females, respectively, in the patient group. In contrast, in the control group the scores were 6.26±5.23 and 3.95±3.59 in males and females, respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (95% confidence interval) regarding alcohol use disorder screening by AUDIT-KR was 0.768 (0.715–0.821) and 0.883 (0.848–0.919) for males and females, respectively. The optimal cutoff point of alcohol use disorder for males was >9, sensitivity 64.49%, and specificity 76.85%. The optimal cutoff point for females was >6, sensitivity 82.02%, and specificity 80.48%. CONCLUSION: This study suggested that AUDIT-KR can be used as a screening tool for alcohol use disorder in groups of college students when DSM-5 diagnosis criteria are applied.

GTVseq: A Web-based Genotyping Tool for Viral Sequences

Genotyping Tool for Viral SEQuences (GTVseq) provides scientists with the genotype information on the viral genome sequences including HIV-1, HIV-2, HBV, HCV, HTLV-1, HTLV-2, poliovirus, enterovirus, flavivirus, Hantavirus, and rotavirus. GTVseq produces alternative and additive genotype information for the query viral sequences based on two different, but related, scoring methods. The genotype information produced is reported in a graphical manner for the reference genotype matches and each graphical output is linked to the detailed sequence alignments between the query and the matched reference sequences. GTVseq also reports the potential 'repeats' and/or 'recombination' sequence region in a separated window. GTVseq does not replace completely other well-known genotyping tools such as NCBI's virus sequence genotyping tool (http://www.ncbi. nlm.nih.gov/projects/genotyping/formpage.cgi), but provides additional information useful in the confirmation or for further investigation of the genotype(s) for the newly isolated viral sequences.

GTVseq: A Web-based Genotyping Tool for Viral Sequences

Genotyping Tool for Viral SEQuences (GTVseq) provides scientists with the genotype information on the viral genome sequences including HIV-1, HIV-2, HBV, HCV, HTLV-1, HTLV-2, poliovirus, enterovirus, flavivirus, Hantavirus, and rotavirus. GTVseq produces alternative and additive genotype information for the query viral sequences based on two different, but related, scoring methods. The genotype information produced is reported in a graphical manner for the reference genotype matches and each graphical output is linked to the detailed sequence alignments between the query and the matched reference sequences. GTVseq also reports the potential 'repeats' and/or 'recombination' sequence region in a separated window. GTVseq does not replace completely other well-known genotyping tools such as NCBI's virus sequence genotyping tool (http://www.ncbi. nlm.nih.gov/projects/genotyping/formpage.cgi), but provides additional information useful in the confirmation or for further investigation of the genotype(s) for the newly isolated viral sequences.

A Review of Color Deficiency Among the Industrial Workers

The authors surveyed on 154 color deficient workers among 6,023 industrial workers that had undergone a physical examination at Soon Chun Hyang Gumi Hospital but had good visual acuity and no retinal disease. They were examined with 3 kinds of test including AO pseudoisochromatic plate, Ishihara's plate and Han's color vision test. So, results were obtained as follow; 1. AO pseudoisochromatic plate was used only as distinguishable method of existence of color defect. 2. With the Ishihara plate, frequencies as to types of defect were protanopia 19(12.3%), deuteranopia 71(46.1%), protanomaly and deuteranomaly 15(9.7%), and unclassified 48(31.2%). The most frequent type of color defect was deuteranopia. 3. With the Hahn's color vision test, frequencies as to types of defect were protan 33(21.4%), deutan 72(46.7%), and unclassified 48(31.2%). Also in this test, deutan was the most frequent type. 4. Extent of color defect by the Hahn's test was mild(Grade I) 38.3%, medium(Grade II) 23.4%, and strong(Grade III) 38.3%.

Histopathological Case Reports of Extraocular Tumors

The eye tumors are divided into intraocular and extraocular, and mainly involve lids, conjunctiva, cornea, and orbit. The authors analysed histopathological and clinical review of 9 cases of eye tumors that had experienced.

A Case of the Aberrant Retinal Vessels

The cilio-retinal artery appears on the temporal side of the optic disc margin and is concerned with the supply of the portion between the optic disc and the macula. So, the cilio-retinal artery preserves vision when occlusion of the central retinal artery occurs. The aberrant macular artery is very rare and in most of the cases have been derived from the inferior temporal arterial or venous trunks. When this artery is appeared, the corrected vision is normal but sometimes diminished. The authors have experienced two aberrant retinal vessels of a large cilio-retinal artery and aberrant macular artery combined with the Stargardt's maculopathies. It was reviewed clinically with the literature.

Changes of Blood Pressure in Cataract Surgery

The cataract surgery is most common among the major eye operations and nearly almost has been performed under local anesthesia. We has been censidered that emotional condition of patient during operation and the blood pressure is variable according to emotional condition. So, in order to evaluate the relationship of blood pressure change during operation and complication of cataract surgery, we began this survey. From Dec. 1979 'to Dec. 1980, we had collected the 70 cases that were performed lens extraction under the local anestbesia (retrobulbar injection and akinesia with 2% lidocaine) at our oph. department. The 70 cases were observed in the respect of B.P. change before, during and after operation. 1. Of the 70 cases, 21 cases (30%) were resulted in increased B.P.. 2. There are 4 cases (6%) that were increased B.P. over 20 mmHg. 3. There was no complication due to increased RP..